Showing posts with label Geography. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Geography. Show all posts

Save Our Forest and WildLife

Save Forest and Wildlife ... Save Earth

We feel very shame on us when we see various animals in cages and in zoos to take advantage of animals and entertain the people who visit the zoo. Human think about their own benefit not about the animals that’s lives in captivity. 

SAVE Our Forest and Wild Life


 Forest and Wildlife is necessary to maintain ecological balance for maintenance of ecological balance on earth. Nowadays how selfish are the humans who take the animals in zoos as a source of entertainment to earn money.


SAVE Forest and Wild Life

 Animals should be kept in the natural habitats not in the captivity of human beings. In natural habitats animals live his life freedom fully. People must thinks about these animals it has also feelings just like human beings even they failed to express it. They have also likes and dislikes. No human beings like to be in the cages as well as no animals likes to be made captive. Circus is also a notorious place for animals where animals are trained to give performance in front of the lot of crowd. Circus is the worst place for the animals; animals are forced to do interested things to entertain the people. 

SAVE Our Forest  Life

Some animals are endangered today due to deforestation. Tigers and deer’s are endangered now in our country we should not hunt the animals in forests because their species are endangered. So we should ban in circus, hunting, and private zoos. To preserve the wildlife and the government should imprisoned the group of people who capt the animals for its own benefit.

SAVE Our Wild Life


 In schools students can play a very important role in the preservation of Forest and wildlife by spreading awareness about its importance. Strict law should be form for saving the animals and Forest, and the law breakers should be heavily fined and imprisoned. By this we will give a wonderful gift to the animals to live a happy and natural life on earth and we also improve our ecological balance.

SAVE  Wild Life and Our Forest



Why Do Stars Twinkle

Why Do Stars Twinkle?


The twinkling of a star is due to atmospheric refraction of starlight. Stars appear as an only point size in the sky, because they are very far away from us.  The star light on entering the earth atmosphere undergoes refraction continuously before reaching to the earth due to slowly changing refractive index of various layer of atmosphere. The apparent position of star is not fixed but keeps varying and slightly, since the physical conditions of earth atmosphere are continuously changing. So the star light flux entering the eye fluctuates with time. Due to this, the star appear brighter and at some other time fainter. Thus the fluctuating apparent position of the star gives rise to the twinkling effect of the star to the eye. 



Stars nearer to the horizon appear to twinkle more than stars that are above your head - this is because the star light near the horizon has to travel more distance in air than the light of stars above your head.  The scientific name of this twinkling effect is stellar scintillation.

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Sun and Sky appear reddish at Sunrise and Sunset

Why the Sun does appear reddish at Sunrise and Sunset?


Sun and Sky appear reddish at Sunrise


During sunrise and sunset, ray of light from sun near the horizon passes through thicker layer of air and large distance in the atmosphere. Sun rays consist of seven colors in its light.  Most of the blue light and shorter wavelengths are scattered away by the particles and therefore, light reaching our eyes is of longer wavelength (most of red light), which gives reddish appearance to sun and sky. 


Sun and Sky appear reddish at Sunrise and Sunset



According to Rayleigh's law, the intensity of scattered light varies inversely as the fourth power of its wavelength. If you observe a beautiful sunset on the moon, the sun, would appear white. This is because the moon doesn’t have an atmosphere.

Sun and Sky appear reddish at Sunset



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Structure of the Earth


 The earth is made of rocks; we cannot dig much deeper about 10 km, our knowledge of structure of the earth is derived from the study of seismic wave. The velocity of these waves depends on the composition of the region through which they travel. So by determining the velocity of the waves, we can infer the composition of the region through which they pass. The earth has multiple layers are crust, mantle and core.


Structure of the Earth

Crust:

      This is the outermost rocky layer. The rocks consist mainly of silicates; they are compounds of silicon with silicon oxide as the basic compound. The thickness of crust is about 50 km under the continent. The thickness of crust is not same everywhere. Under the seafloor, its thickness is much less.

Internal Structure of the Earth

Mantle:

       The layer from 50 km to the depth of about 3000 km is called the mantle. It is rich in iron and magnesium silicates.  

Core:

      The innermost layer of the earth is called core. It is divided into two regions. The inner core is solid metal sphere radius about 1200 km. It is almost pure iron alloy with small amount of nickel. The inner core is surrounded by liquid metal about 2200 km.  The matter here is in the fluid state. The movement of inner core is responsible for earth magnetic field.



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Different Types Of Movement Of The Earth's And Their Effects

Following are the different types of the Earth movement:

Orbital motion:


The earth revolves around the sun in a particular path called its orbit. It takes 365.25 days to complete it path around the sun. The earth year is 365 days long and extra 0.25 days added after every fourth year.


Different types of movement of the earth's and their effects

The shape of orbit is not circular, it like an oval shape. The distance from sun varies during the motion. The earth is closest to the sun in January about 91.4 million miles. It is farthest away from sun in July about 95 million miles.

Axial motion:


Axial motion of the earth's and their effects


The earth is also rotating on it axis west to east and take 24 hours to complete round on it axis. The side of earth that faces the light of the sun has day time and the other side of earth has night time.


Why different seasons on the earth?


The earth axis is tilted slightly at angle 23.5°. Due to this position it gives us four seasons (summer, spring, winter and autumn). The sun rays hit different portion of earth differently depending upon position of earth during it orbital motion.

Orbital motion and their effects on Seasons of the earth's


 The earth position is so that it tilted slightly toward sun (from June to august). The sun rays hit directly on northern hemisphere result summer in this region and winter in southern hemisphere.

The earth position is so that it tilled slightly away from the sun (from December to February). The northern hemisphere is little away from the sun. The sun rays hit less directly result winter in this region and summer in southern hemisphere. There is no difference between summer and winter close to the equator.

The earth position is so that the sun shines equally on both hemispheres (from September to November). The result is autumn in northern hemisphere and spring in other region.


What is the Earth | How the earth is unique

What is the Earth ? How the Earth is unique ?

Earth is unique and our home planet in the solar system and formed around 4.5-4.6 billion year ago. From space the earth appear blue and green due to the reflection of light from water and landmass on the surface. It is no wonder that earth is only planet in the solar system known to have life on it. This is because of physical properties such as presence of water (cover about 71%) and atmosphere. The earth atmosphere is a thin layer of gases around it and consist 78% nitrogen, 21%oxygen, 0.9%argon, 0.03%carbon dioxide and other gases. This thin layer play very vital role in protecting and preserving life on earth. It protects us from being hit by smaller bodies of the solar system. The atmosphere also play role in greenhouse effect. It keeps the temperature of earth in range that is suitable for the life on earth.

What is the Earth and how the Earth is unique.



Ozone Layer: The earth has an ozone layer, which absorb the ultraviolet radiation from the sun and protects us from harmful biological effect.

Position in solar system:  The Earth is third planet from the sun in solar system and lie between Venus and mars. The distance from sun is about 149.6 x 106  km. It has only one moon.

Size and mass:  The earth is fifth largest planet in solar system. It diameter is about 12756 km and mass is about 5.97 x 1024 kg  .


What is water | And what is water cycle, Geography, GK


What is water? And what is water cycle?


Water is most important compound on our earth, it cover 70 percent of earth in form of solid, liquid and gaseous states. It is a need of all animal or plant for survives. We can say no life without water. It is a source of life or lifeline on earth.

Formula= H2O
Boiling Point=99.98 °C (approx 100°C)
Melting Point=0.0 °C
Molar Mass =18.01528 g/mol
Density=1,000.00 kg/m³


Uses of Water:

Following are the some uses of water in our life:
1.  Drinking
2.  Washing their cloths and bathing
3.  Cooking and cleaning purpose
4.  Manufacturing of many product
5.  Gardening and irrigation

Sources of water:

Surface water:


There are many sources from we can take water. The water comes in form of rain, snow or hail on to the earth. This water is collected in natural or artificial ponds, johad and dams. This rain water is also flow in form of river and end into sea. This is called surface water.

Ground Water:


Some ground water is soaks into ground and some trapped between clay or rock layers goes  under earth surface  is called ground water. This water is taken out with the help of bores and wells.


Only a small fraction of water available on earth is fit for use of plants, animal and humans. The total amount of water on earth remains same. But the water available for use is limited and decreasing day by day. It is very important that water used carefully.

Rain water harvesting:


       It is the process of collecting rain water and stores it for later use. Following are the techniques use for this purpose
1)      Rooftop rain water harvesting: In this system rain water is collected from the rooftop to a storage tank through pipes line and use later.

2)      To allow water to go into the ground directly.


Water Cycle or Hydro logic cycle:


We have a limited amount of water resources on the earth. This amount of water does not change, only change from one form to another. This circulation and conservation of water is called water cycle.
 This process under goes following steps:


what is water cycle
what is water cycle

Evaporation:


Evaporation is a process of converting river, ponds and the sea water into steam with heat of sun. This vapour back up into the air. Plants also lose water out of their leaves; this process is known as transpiration.


Condensation:


As  we go higher from surface of earth its get cooler and cooler .At at sufficient height the air become so cool that the water water vapour present in it condenses to form tiny drops of water droplets.these drops remain floating in air result forming cloud. This process is called condensation.


Precipitation:


In this process large amount of water droplets come together to form large sized drops.These drops become so heavy that the air cannot hold it. The cloud become heavy and water falls down to earth in form of rain, snow and hail.


Collection:


Water gets back in form of rain, snow and hail to the earth. It goes back to lakes, river, into the ground and at the end to ocean, where the cycle starts.This circulation of water between ocean and land is a continuous process and maintain the supply of water on land. Human plants and animals use this source for different purpose.


What is Tree | Definition of Trees


Tree is the very urgent and the essential part of our living being. Trees take up the carbon dioxide and provide the Oxygen gas to us for our lives. Tree built this environment very nice and beautiful with  its multiple types of flowers, colours, fruits and the shape and they also gives us with the relief and shade from the heat of sun from its harmful rays and hot heat. Tree assist in take up the rain and also assist to stabilize the weather mean it control the heat and cold of the weather.Its shape and size depend upon environmental condition. So by this way the Trees play the very  important role in our precious life.


What is Tree,  Definition of Trees
What is Tree,  Definition of Trees
Parts of Tree

Seed

The tree grows from Seed with the help of light, water and soil .The seed of trees are covered with hard shell or fleshy fruit.  The seed inside fruit or shell are not digestible.  

Roots

 Roots is an underground part of a tree, they spread into the soil deeply to make grip with soil and take water and nutrients from soil for the tree.

Trunk

 The trunk is a backbone of a tree .It consist bark and inner wood. Bark is a hard protecting layer wrap around inner wood. The layer inside bark is called sapwood and the innermost is called heartwood.
It supports in water and mineral transport system from soil to branches and leaves of the tree. Trunk layers also help in age calculation of a tree.

Branches, Twigs and Leaves

 Branches start from the trunk and   consist twigs at the end .They also help in transport system of the tree.
              
  Leaves are arranged on twigs to get maximum amount of sunlight. Leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll. Leaves take light from sun, water from soil and carbon dioxide gas from air to make there food or source of energy. This process is called photosynthesis. In result of process oxygen gas is release into the environment.


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